A Womans Struggle Captured in The Yellow Wallpaper -- Yellow Wallpape

A Woman's Struggle Captured in The Yellow Wallpaper       Pregnancy and childbirth are very emotional times in a woman's life and many women suffer from the "baby blues."   The innocent nickname for postpartum depression is deceptive because it down plays the severity of this condition. Although she was not formally diagnosed with postpartum depression, Charlotte Perkins Gilman   (1860-1935) developed a severe depression after the birth of her only child (Kennedy et. al.   424).   Unfortunately, she was treated by Dr.   S. Weir Mitchell, who forbade her to write and prescribed only bed rest and quiet for recovery   (Kennedy et al.   424).   Her condition only worsened and ultimately resulted in divorce   (Kennedy and Gioia   424).   Gilman's literary indictment of Dr.   Mitchell's ineffective treatment came to life in the story "The Yellow Wallpaper."   On the surface, this gothic tale seems only to relate one woman's struggle with mental illness, but because Guilman was a prominent feminist and social thinker she incorporated themes of women's rights and the poor relationships between husbands and wives   (Kennedy and Gioia 424). Guilman cleverly manipulates the setting to support her themes and set the eerie mood.    Upon first reading "The Yellow Wallpaper," the reader may see the relationship between the narrator and her husband John as caring, but with examination one will   find that the narrator is repeatedly belittled and demeaned by her husband.   On first arriving at the vacation home John chooses the old attic nursery against his wife's wishes and laughs at her when she complains about the wallpaper (Kennedy et al.   424,425).   In Charlotte Bronte's novel }{plain ul J... ... treatments of   Dr.   S.   Weir Mitchell, but contains much more than one expects. The short story not only studies the complications within a marital relationship, it examines a woman's struggle with mental illness and the hardships of inequality between the sexes.   The setting plays an important role to strengthen the themes and also makes the reader question the innocence and simplicity of what is related to him.    Works Cited Bronte, Charlotte.   Jane Eyre.   New York:   Signet Classic, 1960 Kennedy, X.J. and Dan Gioia.   Literature: an Introduction to Fiction, poetry, and Drama. Sixth   Edition.   New York:   Harper Collins College Publishers Inc.,   1995. Twentieth Century Literary Criticism.   Vol.   9.   Detroit:   Gale Research Inc., 1983. Hodges, Elaine R.   Short Story Criticism}.   Vol.   13.   Detroit:   Gale Research Inc.,   1993. A Woman's Struggle Captured in The Yellow Wallpaper -- Yellow Wallpape A Woman's Struggle Captured in The Yellow Wallpaper       Pregnancy and childbirth are very emotional times in a woman's life and many women suffer from the "baby blues."   The innocent nickname for postpartum depression is deceptive because it down plays the severity of this condition. Although she was not formally diagnosed with postpartum depression, Charlotte Perkins Gilman   (1860-1935) developed a severe depression after the birth of her only child (Kennedy et. al.   424).   Unfortunately, she was treated by Dr.   S. Weir Mitchell, who forbade her to write and prescribed only bed rest and quiet for recovery   (Kennedy et al.   424).   Her condition only worsened and ultimately resulted in divorce   (Kennedy and Gioia   424).   Gilman's literary indictment of Dr.   Mitchell's ineffective treatment came to life in the story "The Yellow Wallpaper."   On the surface, this gothic tale seems only to relate one woman's struggle with mental illness, but because Guilman was a prominent feminist and social thinker she incorporated themes of women's rights and the poor relationships between husbands and wives   (Kennedy and Gioia 424). Guilman cleverly manipulates the setting to support her themes and set the eerie mood.    Upon first reading "The Yellow Wallpaper," the reader may see the relationship between the narrator and her husband John as caring, but with examination one will   find that the narrator is repeatedly belittled and demeaned by her husband.   On first arriving at the vacation home John chooses the old attic nursery against his wife's wishes and laughs at her when she complains about the wallpaper (Kennedy et al.   424,425).   In Charlotte Bronte's novel }{plain ul J... ... treatments of   Dr.   S.   Weir Mitchell, but contains much more than one expects. The short story not only studies the complications within a marital relationship, it examines a woman's struggle with mental illness and the hardships of inequality between the sexes.   The setting plays an important role to strengthen the themes and also makes the reader question the innocence and simplicity of what is related to him.    Works Cited Bronte, Charlotte.   Jane Eyre.   New York:   Signet Classic, 1960 Kennedy, X.J. and Dan Gioia.   Literature: an Introduction to Fiction, poetry, and Drama. Sixth   Edition.   New York:   Harper Collins College Publishers Inc.,   1995. Twentieth Century Literary Criticism.   Vol.   9.   Detroit:   Gale Research Inc., 1983. Hodges, Elaine R.   Short Story Criticism}.   Vol.   13.   Detroit:   Gale Research Inc.,   1993.

Mouth And Tooth Health Situation Health And Social Care Essay

Background & A ; purposes: Being healthy depends on consideration and planning in all its influencing factors. Bing one of the PHC parts, Mouth and Tooth Health has been recognized as one of the 11 twenty-first century mottos. DMFT is a simple, fast- stretch and dependable index in finding Mouth and Tooth Health state of affairs. Third -grade simple school pupils ‘ age is a period between deciduous and lasting dentitions being during which assorted dentitions can be seen and DMFT finding is possible. This survey was done to happen pupils ‘ tooth and oral cavity wellness state of affairs by utilizing DMFT index in Persian Gonabad metropolis in 2008. Methodology: All 3rd class simple school pupils ( N=529 ) life in Gonabad were examined and interviewed under the supervising of tooth doctors in this descriptive, cross-sectional survey to happen their Tooth and Mouth Health state of affairs. Assorted informations garnering techniques were used in the survey such as DMFT index checklist, questionnaire, disposable mirror and particular catather. The informations were analyzed by SPSS package utilizing T-Test, correlativity coefficient and ANOVA. Consequences: The findings showed that 51.2 per centum of pupils were male childs and 48.8 per centum were misss. 77.3 per centum and merely 77.3 per centum of them used tooth brush and dental floss, severally. Their dmft was 3.86A ±1.11 and DMFT 1.04A ±0.22 demoing important differences between two sexes. Furthermore, 8.3 per centum of pupils did non hold any rotten tooth. One-way ANOVA showed a important relation between brushing times and the related index. It was besides found that parents ‘ educational degree and household size had important relation with DMFT. Decision: The consequences showed that Third category simple school pupils populating in Gonabad followed countrywide forms and their oral cavity and tooth wellness state of affairs was instead suited. CF did non hold any important relation with countrywide scope. But this is at the mean degree in conformity with WHO ends. It seems necessary to carry on planned steps to advance KAP and fix indispensable resources and besides reexamine the disposal method and cost -effectiveness of some measurings such as Fluoride therapy. Cardinal Wordss: Tooth and Mouth Health, Students, DMFT Index, CF Index.IntroductionTooth decay is the bacterial disease of tooth calcificated tissues identified by demineralisation of different non-organic parts and laying waste of tooth organic stuff. Tooth-decaying factors can be classified like those of other infective diseases: these include host-related factors ( salivary combination, tooth sleight ) environmental factors ( nutrition, Fluoride ) and micro beings ( 1 ) . Research shows that tooth decay as a multi-factor disease is affected badly by legion factors such as parents ‘ instruction, economical position of the household, household size and oral cavity & A ; tooth wellness ( 2 ) . This is the most widespread disease among people ; 99 % of the universe population catch it and few individuals are non affected by it during their lives ( 3 ) . Tooth-related decay is still one of the chief jobs in dental medicine and particular attending must be paid to it in current redresss. Both mending processs and preventative steps will hold to be planned so that tooth disintegrate might be decreased. The most of import index to show tooth decay rate in people is DMFT norm. The figure of rotten, filled and extracted dentitions of all people in the society should be counted and their norms be calculated in order to happen the community DMFT. DMFT Average is a simple, easily-reachable and mensurable index in dental medicine which has been used for some decennaries. If one wishes to exemplify milk teeth state of affairs, the index is represented by â€Å" dmft † although calculated in the same manner as mentioned above. Other important indices consist of DMFS, OHI, and the per centum of people without any decay ( particularly for kids ) ( CF ) ( 5 ) . Tooth and oral cavity are considered so of import in carry throughing and publicity of wellness that it has been one of the outstanding mottos in 21th century. ( 6 ) On the other manus, complete acknowledgment of teeth state of affairs and therapeutical demands of different age groups is one of the most considerable affairs in health-theraputical planning. The necessity to hold right informations on the footing of international criterions comparable to other 1s has been taken into consideration by researches and contrivers ( 7 ) . In other words, finding assorted indices related to oral cavities and tooth wellness state of affairs in different age and societal groups and at some clip periods is so indispensable that a instead perfect position of the present status must be developed to build the foundation of comparing the planned purposes of World Dental Federation ( FDI ) until the twelvemonth 2010 ( 8 ) . Knowing DMFT ( dmft ) and other indices allows the communities to develop their plans to better bar and intervention. For case, school plans advancing non-decayed tooth index in kids focus on Fluoride ingestion in Greece. The same undertaking is carried out in Sweden ( 9 ) . WHO research commission was organized in 1992 in Geneva to supervise oral cavity and tooth wellness which emphasizes Fluoride ingestion. This organisation besides stresses commanding on a regular basis the tooth and oral cavity wellness every five old ages in all states ( 10 ) . Measuring DMFT index is conducted by Persian Mouth and Tooth Health Office every four to five old ages in Iran along with Iranian Health & A ; Treatment Ministry and WHO policies from 1998 in 3, 6, 9, 12 year-old age groups ( 1 ) . Lebanon has the highest DMFT degree ( 5.7 ) , Pakistan owns the lowest 1 ( 0.9 ) and Iran gets the mean degree among states of EMRO part ( 12 ) . The consequences of countrywide surveies showed that dmft mean degree in Persian 9 year-old kids is 3.35 and DMFT is 0.97 most of which is related to tooth decay index ( 11 ) . In conformity with WHO report, in the twelvemonth 2000 the mean of dmft & A ; DMFT in Iran was approximately mean so that they were in the lowest degree in Bushehr and Yazd metropoliss and at the highest in Zanjan and Sahrekord metropoliss ( 1 ) . Since kids are the most susceptible groups against tooth decay and have the highest rate of incidence, finding dmft and its influencing factors is one of the foremost purposes of assorted researches in different states. The same surveies have been done in Iran. Unfortunately few of dmft surveies have dealt with 9-year old kids, whereas the rate of DMFT surveies on 12-year old kids has been reported to be higher. Therefore, this survey was carried out to find oral cavity & A ; tooth wellness status particularly dmft and DMFT indices of 9 year-old kids populating in Gonabad metropolis in the twelvemonth 2008.Methodology:This was a descriptive and cross-sectional survey which was carried out on third-grade simple school pupils populating in Go nabad metropolis. All of the pupils at this degree ( 529 1s ) were selected. The ground to take this degree was that 9 year-old age period is the last period of milk dentitions being and is a suited clip to measure decay badness of lasting dentitions and besides monitor oral cavity and tooth wellness status after carry oning interventional steps for pupils. In Iran Mouth and Tooth wellness state of affairs monitoring for kids is done in 3, 6, 9 and 12 year-old age groups. DMFT and dmft indices must be measured in 9 year-old kids due to assorted tooth period ( DMFT and dmft ) . DMFT and dmft include D ( vitamin D ) stand foring decayed dentitions whose colour is changed or particular catather inserted into them and caught. M ( m ) represents missed dentitions which are extracted due to being decayed. F ( degree Fahrenheit ) represents filled dentitions which are repaired because of decay. The data-gathering method included observation ( scrutiny ) , interview, enrollment of informations and besides DMFT index checklist. The research workers referred to schools after holding mandate from the governments. Then the pupils were informed of the purposes of the research and their dentitions were examined by tooth doctors in a suited topographic point ; questionnaire were filled in and collected through organized interviews.Various tools were used in this survey including: absolang, disposable mirror, torch, and particular catather.The informations were so an alyzed by SPSS package utilizing cardinal statistical indices, Independent T-test, correlativity coefficient and Analysis of Variance.Consequences:Of the 529 participants in this survey, 48.8 per centum were misss and 51.2 were male childs. 77.3 per centum of these pupils brushed their dentitions while 22.7 per centum did non. Merely 8.32 per centum of pupils used dental floss as a utile technique to maintain their tooth healthy. The per centum of brushing dentitions by the pupils ‘ parents were as follows: 11.53 % male parents, 30.81 % female parents and 13.99 both parents brushed their dentitions on a regular footing. On the other manus, 43.67 per centum of the parents did non brush their dentitions at all. The consequences showed that the norm of dmft and DMFT were3.86A ±1.11 and 1.04A ±0.22, severally which are shown in table two. There was non any important difference between DMFT and dmft norm with their countrywide norm. The consequences showed that index per centum of kids without any decay ( Caries Free ) was 8.3.T- trial did non illustrated any important relation between two sexes ( Table no.3 ) . The consequences of the survey showed that dmft index decreased significantly as parents education degree increased ( p=0.04 ) so that it was 4.3 in kids whose parents ‘ educational degree was at simple degree and reached 2.2 for kids whose parents had high educational degree. On the other manus, dmft index increased as household size increased ( p=0.031 ) . In add-on, correlativity coefficient showed a important relation between dmft and DMFT indices in kids ‘ group ( Table No.4 ) . On the footing of conducted scrutiny, 28.92 per centum of kids need to hold their decayed dentition extracted, 66.35 per centum of them should hold them filled. Furthermore 7.6 per centum had unhealthy gums.Discussion:The present survey showed that dmft index norm among the participants of this survey is 3.86A ±1.11. This class does non demo any important difference in comparing with countrywide dmft norm which is 3.35A ±0.01. ( P=0.08 ) DMFT norm ( 1.04A ±0.22 ) does non exemplify important difference with countrywide DMFT norm ( 0.97A ±0.05 ) every bit good ( P= 0.071 ) . DMFT and dmft norms in this survey were the same as those achieved in H. Samadzadeh ( 14 ) , D. Safavi ( 15 ) and H. Nurelahian ( 16 ) . On the other manus, the Independent T-Test did non demo any important difference in dmft and DMFT indices in two sexes so that dmft and DMFT norms in male childs were 3.74 and 1.02, severally and in misss were 3.99 and 1.07, severally. These consequences are the same as those found in L. Basir ( 17 ) , M. G. Motlagh ( 18 ) , Memar ( 19 ) , S.S.Ashrafizadeh ( 20 ) and L.Tumarian. DMFT and dmft agencies in the misss were a small higher than those of male childs in this survey and the above-named 1s, but this difference was non important. 22.7 per centum of kids did non brush at all.17.5 of kids in. M.M.Fanis ‘ survey did non brush either ( 22 ) .In their surveies, S.S Ashrafzadeh and L. Tumarin study this figure to be 21 and 32.7, severally ( 20, 21 ) . Harmonizing to N. Memar, if the quality and method of right brushing had been considered, thi s figure might hold exceeded the present one ( 19 ) . The consequence of One-Way Analysis of Variance showed that there was a important relation between dmft & A ; DMFT rates and brushing times so that when brushing times increased, the rates of these indices decreased excessively. These consequences are in line with N. Memar ‘ consequences ( 19 ) . Despite a lessening in DMFT rate, there was non any important relation between this index and an addition in brushing times in M. Motlagh survey ( 23 ) . The per centum of kids without any rotten tooth ( CF ) was 8.3. In this survey, there was non any important difference between this index and countrywide one ( 11/5 % ) . ( P=0.21 ) CF index was 10.7 in L.Tumarian ‘ survey ( 21 ) . Boys and misss ‘ CF index were 8/1and 8/5, severally which did non demo any important difference between two sexes despite its being higher in the misss. ( P=0.12 ) The same consequences in this index were verified in B.Ajami ( 24 ) and H. Nurelahian ( 16 ) . CF index in 9 year-old kids is really low due to assorted dental period because both milk and lasting dentition may be decayed taking to CF lessening in 9 year-old kids. In malice of instead acceptable indices of utilizing coppice, the per centum of dental floss use was well low in this survey ( 8.32 % ) .These consequences are the same as those in S.Ashrafizadeh ( 7.5 % ) and L. Tumarian ( 11 % ) . It seems that utilizing dental floss is non widespread among Persian households and that countrywide preparation should be conducted to advance this utile technique and that members of the society should hold entree to it in order to better their oral cavity and tooth wellness. The present research shows that dmft of pupils whose parents ‘ educational degree is higher ( 2/2 ) is well lower than pupils whose parents ‘ educational degree is simple ( 21.3 ) ( P=0.04 ) . This consequence was similar to those of N.Memar ( 19 ) , A. Davari ( 25 ) , K.Salem ( 26 ) in that DMFT and dmft rates decreased as parents ‘ educational degree went up. It seems that this variable affects dmft from two facets, in which increasing parents ‘ cognition degree is the more of import of the two. This fact is besides proved in Downer ( 27 ) , Seow and Amaratungo ( 28 ) , Aajabi and Hamdan ( 29 ) and Afshar & A ; Shafizadeh ( 30 ) which have been conducted in Poland, Australia, Jordan and Iran, severally. The other influence of parents ‘ educational degree in Iran is that households with higher instruction normally enjoy suited economical state of affairs which in bend leads to the publicity of their kids ‘s ‘ tooth and oral cavity wellness state of affairs. Furthermore, it has been proved that there is a important relation between mentioning to dentistry and parents ‘ educational degree in other similar surveies. In contrast, an addition in household size leads to a lessening in cognition which makes the economical state of affairs even worse with the effect that less attending is paid to taking attention of kids. In the present survey, like those of M.Gh.Motlegh ( 18 ) and M.M.Fani ( 22 ) , dmft increased as household size increased, demoing a important difference between the two variables ( P=0.031 ) Pierson correlativity coefficient demonstrated that dmft & A ; DMFT addition at the same time ( direct important relation ) .Therefore, it is of paramount importance to see the issue that taking attention of milk dentitions leads to the betterment of the wellness of lasting dentitions, which is against the public sentiment that milk dentitions wellness does non merit much attending due to their lasting nature. Based on the findings of this survey, oral cavity and teeth wellness state of affairs among 9 year-old kids in Gonabad metropolis is instead acceptable in comparing with countrywide state of affairs, but it lies in the mean degree with respect to WHO standards. Therefore, it is necessary to see cardinal options and rapid planning to forestall tooth and oral cavity diseases due to the high population of pupils in Iran. It is, hence, hoped that cardinal steps be conducted in future through the attempts of Persian high ranking functionaries in Health & A ; Treatment sector, and de dicated and experts and researches. In decision, it is suggested that remedial wellness classs be held in simple schools for both pupils and wellness trainers and instructors. Sing the society, it is suggested that Mouth and Tooth Health Education be done for the households while stressing fissur sealant intervention, proper distribution of wellness and preventative devices like coppice, toothpaste, dental floss and so on. It is besides considered critical to non overlook cost-effectiveness of activities sing Mouth and Tooth Health.Recognition:The writers wish to thank all functionaries of Education Office, principals and instructors of simple schools in Gonabad for their sort aid and cooperation throughout this survey.

advantages and disadvantages of the civil war - 1031 Words

In 1861, when the Civil War broke out, the Confederacy and the Union both had numerous advantages and disadvantages and there were multiple women and slaves that contributed to the war. To begin with, the Confederacy had its significant advantages that helped it push through the war, one of which was its strong leaders. Many believed â€Å"Stonewall† Jackson and Robert E. Lee were some of the best officers even before the war. Also, they had the advantage of fighting on their own soil. They knew the terrain better that of their counterparts. A psychological aspect could be that fighting for their land, for their families, could have been the driving force or motivation. Moreover, they have longer coast lines which increased the travel†¦show more content†¦Patent Office and was given the name â€Å"Angel of the Battlefield.† Sally Tompkins was a Confederate army nurse commissioned as captain because she performed her hospital duties so heroically. Finally, Bell e Boyd was honored for being a brave Confederate nurse and spy. After President Lincoln presented the Emancipation proclamation, which held a section for the enlistment of African Americans into the Union Army, African American men rushed to enlist. This time they were accepted into all-black units. The first of these was the Fifty-fourth Massachusetts Colored Regiment, led by white officer Robert Gould Shaw. Their heroism in combat put to rest worries over the willingness of black soldiers to fight. Soon other regiments were being formed, and in May 1863 the War Department established the Bureau of Colored Troops. Black recruiters, many of them abolitionists such as Frederick Douglass, Henry Highland Garnet, and Mary Ann Shadd Cary, brought in troops from throughout the North. Douglass proclaimed, I urge you to fly to arms and smite with death the power that would bury the government and your liberty in the same hopeless grave. Others, such as Harriet Tubman, recruited in the South . On March 6, 1863, the Secretary of War was informed that seven hundred and fifty blacks who were waiting for an opportunity to join the Union Army had been rescued from slavery under the leadership of Harriet Ross Tubman.... By the endShow MoreRelatedAdvantages And Disadvantages Of The Civil War1185 Words   |  5 PagesThe Civil War: North versus South Sectional conflict in the United States between northern and southern territory lead to one of the bloodiest battles in America’s history. The two sides fought over the power of the national government each side arguing whether or not it had the power to abolish slavery in the South. The disagreement lead the seceding of southern states from the Union and the formation of the Confederacy. The Civil War began between the two forces on April 12, 1861 at Fort SumterRead MoreThe Advantages And Disadvantages Of The American Civil War1145 Words   |  5 Pages The Advantages and disadvantages of both sides during the civil war The American Civil War started in 1861 and ended in 1865. The two sides of the war are the Union (North) and Confederacy (South). The South wanted to keep slavery to maintain their economy and they worried that the North would end slavery. The South then seceded, starting the conflict. Around 620,000 people died in the war. Both sides of the war had advantages and disadvantages in the Civil War. Population in theRead MoreThe Advantages and Disadvantages of the North and South in the American Civil War1501 Words   |  7 Pagesforeshadowed the war that became the bloodiest in all of the United States history. The Civil War was a brutal conflict between the North and South; brother against brother. With slavery as the root cause, Southern states had seceded from the Union and were fighting for their independence. They became the Confederate States of America (CSA) and were a force to be reckoned with. The Union, however, put up a fierce struggle to preserve the country. If the Civil War was to be a war of attrition, theRead MoreThe Northern culture versus the Southern culture and How did they impact the Civil War962 Words   |  4 PagesThe Civil War was one of the most horrific confrontations that Americans have faced, killing close to 620,000 soldiers. Culture is a big influence in the way a society performs. The North and the South had different cultures from the beginning. They came from different economies, social structures, customs and political values. Each side had advantages and disadvantages. The cultures of each side helped them continue going forward during the Civil War. 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Essay on Religion, Politics, and Diplomacy - 1089 Words

â€Å"Those who say religion has nothing to do with politics do not know what religion is† (Mahatma Gandhi). Though many politicians of the day say that government should be in a separate category than religion, it still plays an important role. Religion may not be big in countries like America, but it weighs heavily on many other countries all around the world. That is why when doing anything, a business deal, or a diplomatic trip, there needs to be cautionary measures taken. Two authors go over the subject of one country understanding another: Journalist Thomas Friedman in his text â€Å"The Dell Theory of Conflict Prevention†, and former Secretary of State Madeline Albright in her text â€Å"Faith and Diplomacy†. In both texts the authors stem off†¦show more content†¦Albright really wants peace, and as a former Secretary of State she has not seen much. She talks a lot about religion and how it can be good and bad. People fight wars because of religio n; they also die because of it too. There can be a level of not understanding a different country’s habits and niches. Albright believes a goal should be set by the government, â€Å"In the future, no American ambassador should be assigned to a country where religious feelings are strong unless he or she has a deep understanding of the faiths commonly practiced there† (29). Take this idea of Albright’s and expand it to not only diplomats, but the traveling business man as well. There are many a time when a business man does not know the culture and religious background of a country, does something silly during a business meeting, and offends everyone. Let’s say if the business man goes to Japan, if they don’t follow these rules: No excessive eye contact, never ever be late for an appointment, avoid wearing lots of jewelry and bright colors, and others as well, the Japanese business man will get very upset, and that could make everything bad. 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First of all, the central role ofRead MoreEssay on Why Is Religion Important?579 Words   |  3 Pagesopened for you. --Jesus Christ Whether you consider yourself a religious person or not, or whether you think religion has played a positive or negative role in history, it is an incontrovertible fact that from the beginning of time, humans have engaged in activities that we now call religion, such as worship, prayer, and rituals marking important life passages. Moreover, religions have always asked fundamental questions, such as: What is the true meaning of life? What happens to us after deathRead MoreThe Reign Of Akbar The Great And Aurangzeb914 Words   |  4 PagesUltimately, it was Aurangzeb’s position on religion that led to the downfall of the Mughal Empire. Akbar was a great ruler and was very liberal. He was equal to everyone, Hindus, and Muslim. Akbar made many contributions. During his reign he expanded the Mughal Empire and was a major influence, on the whole, Indian Subcontinent. Akbar despised religious tolerance and spent his rule trying to have peace between different cultures, to accept one another s religion, and also to respect everyone s traditionsRead MoreFuture of Diplomacy5660 Words   |  23 PagesThe Future of Diplomacy HANS J. MORGENTHAU FOUR TASKS OF DIPLOMACY Diplomacy [is] an element of national power. The importance of diplomacy for the preservation of international peace is but a particular aspect of that general function. For a diplomacy that ends in war has failed in its primary objective: the promotion of the national interest by peaceful means. This has always been so and is particularly so in view of the destructive potentialities of total war. Taken in its widest meaning

Brand Development and Marketing Assignment Example

Essays on Brand Development and Marketing Assignment The paper "Brand Development and Marketing" is a wonderful example of an assignment on marketing.Week 1: Monday, 31st AugustThe reading set by the teacher was Brand Development and Marketing, Chapter I of the text. This was the first lecture on brand management so the lecturer began by defining what a brand is. Beginning with the formal definition of the term, the lecturer went on to discuss in detail the various elements and attributes of brands.Objectives:Defining brand, its various elements, attributes and importance to consumers and firms, the products that can or cannot be branded, the branding process and management.Case: Great Ute of ChinaDiscussion of Chapter 1Video case: NoneFrom the lecture, I learned what exactly is meant by the term brand. Literally, various attributes like name, term, symbol, design make up what is known as a brand. However, firms consider the brand more broadly, in terms of the company’s or the product’s reputation in the marketplace. Ther efore, the brand is usually stated with a capital B, since it is crucial for a product’s success.I realized from the lecture that the names of products are not randomly chosen but are the result of a lot of thinking since it will ultimately become a critical factor in the competitive advantage. The brand is not synonymous with the product. While the product satisfies a particular need or want, a brand does not necessarily have to be a tangible good or service but may actually be an idea. The lecturer discussed the term product in great detail. This part of the lecture was a little difficult to understand because it dealt with very abstract ideas. The discussion on the brand was easier to grasp since the lecturer set out the six elements of brands quite explicitly. The example of Great Ute from a Chinese manufacturer showed how a brand is much more than a product because of the differentiation through image even when other manufacturers could offer similar products. Even commo dities, which are not differentiated as products, can be branded through image differentiation.I realized that brands are extremely important both to marketers and consumers. Consumers feel comfortable with a strong brand which makes the consumption decisions easier. To marketers, brands are an easy way to reach customers since it gives a competitive advantage over other producers. However, the brand is a psychological concept and not every product can be branded. The lecturer discussed the products that can be branded.The lecturer discussed the top 10 global brands and commodities that may be branded. Some examples of taglines with which commodities are branded were also discussed. I recall many commodities that have been branded, like Quaker Oats, the TV ads brand oats as a healthy food option like in the skyscraper ad or the sports drink ad. The elements that provide a brand its strength, brand management, challenges, and opportunities were discussed. I learned new terms like str ategic brand management and brand equity.

The School Vouchers Free Essays

Susie is a young girl who lives in Florida. Since kindergarten, she has attended a nearby private school. Her parents willingly pay her tuition, even though doing so forces them to cut other corners. We will write a custom essay sample on The School Vouchers or any similar topic only for you Order Now They do not mind these sacrifices, since they know that their daughter is getting the best education they can give her. Jesse lives downtown, in the inner city. She attends the local public school and struggles through her classes. Her mother would like to send her to a private school, where there is less violence and a calmer atmosphere, but cannot afford it. Then, Jesse†s mother learns that a voucher system has put into place for the entire state of Florida. Jesse†s inner city, spray-painted elementary school received a failing status, so she can receive a voucher to attend the school of her choice. With the money she receives from the voucher, Jesse†s mother is able to send her daughter to the same private school that Susie attends. Is it fair that Susie†s parents pinch pennies while Jesse†s mother send her on the bus for free? While meaning well, does the voucher system inadvertently discriminate against children like Susie whose parents must work extra hours to put their children through private school? Is the voucher system really the answer to the problems with American education today, or a way to transfer them somewhere else? American public schools have always had their flaws. In the nineteenth century, colleges complained of under-prepared freshmen; students who could not write an essay or even spell. A main controversy was bilingual education for newly naturalized immigrants. As America entered the early 1900s, the debate turned to the use of entertainment in the classroom. Teachers felt that they must put on a show in order to keep the attention of their pupils. The abandonment of phonics in the 1920s and 30s was believed to be the reason why the job market consisted of those with inadequate educational preparation. Social promotion and the replacement of the â€Å"three R†s† with emotional stability and attitude courses were the causes of concern in the 1940s. The 1950s brought an awareness of low standards. It was found that American children were lagging behind the average standards of the rest of the world. Safety in schools also became an issue; incoming teachers were warned of the â€Å"phys! ical courage† necessary to teach. Illiteracy became the main focus on the 1960s and 70s. Phonics (or the lack thereof) was once again to blame (Rothstein 2). Now, at the beginning of a new century, what problems have been fixed? Illiteracy is still high, American standards are still low, and graduates are still unprepared. Each generation feels that schools are worse than the generation before. America has been attempting to solve the problems with its education system for 200 years, but nothing has changed. According to Rothstein: Schools are not up to the task of readying young people for the challenges of the next century. An apparently watered down curriculum ensures that all students, regardless of whether they have mastered necessary skills, can graduate. â€Å"Social promotion† without requirements to master grade-appropriate skills is now commonplace, so even elite colleges must run â€Å"remedial† courses for freshmen in basic math and literacy, and business executives complain that high school graduates are ill-prepared for even relatively unskilled jobs (2). Are these complaints not the same ones that appeared a century ago? Improvement is desperately needed, but where should it start? Cleveland, Milwaukee, and the state of Florida have suggested an answer: a school voucher system. Voucher proponents believe that the system which they support is a starting place. Voucher proponents across the nation believe that through this program, which places the burden of improvement upon schools, progress can be made. The voucher system recently implemented in Florida is built around competition. The public schools have standards which they must uphold. Each year the state gives each school a letter grade which rates that school†s ability to keep the given standards. If the school receives an â€Å"F,† it stands to lose a great deal of its student body because of vouchers. This failing grade qualifies the children enrolled in the school to participate in the voucher program, giving each student between $3000 and $4000 to attend a private school (Kaczor 1). In theory, the system appears to be a well-planned step in the right direction. By penalizing â€Å"failing† schools and providing for their students, it seems progress could be made. Voucher proponents believe that by giving schools grades, each one will strive to be the best, receive an â€Å"A,† and gain a higher enrollment. However, will it really make a large impact upon the innumerable problems which exist in today†s education system? This year, only two of Florida†s 2500 public schools received a failing grade. And, in these two schools, only 52 students chose to participate in the state†s voucher system (Kaczor 1). While 52 children may be having a better school year, what about the hundreds of others across the state suffering from a poor education? Certainly, those 52 students are not the only ones in the state of Florida who were receiving a less than adequate education. Yet, the state granted approximately $200,000 to support the voucher system. If that money had b! een given to the schools, they could improve themselves, so that they were no longer considered â€Å"failing.† Instead, they were penalized by a drop in enrollment. How then can a failing school be expected to improve? As soon as it receives such a stigma, its students leave and funding is terminated. Ralph Neas, president of People for the American Way, told the press, â€Å"The voucher program is costing millions of dollars that would be better spent on improving education for the majority of Milwaukee†s schoolchildren† (Whitmire 1). The voucher system implements a great amount of tax dollars to aid a relatively small number of students. While seeming to neutralize problems in American education, it simply creates more by denying failing schools the chance to improve. There is another major loophole in the voucher system: there is no way to calculate if any improvement has been made in the academic performance of students using vouchers. A comparison between public and private school students† achievements is prevented because each uses different tests. In Cleveland, where an inner-city voucher system, is in place, researchers have reached no clear conclusions about the program†s effectiveness (Whitmire 1). Without this information, there is no way to determine if giving children a voucher brings scholastic improvement. There are definite problems with the American education system; problems the nation has battled for more than a century. Reform is needed, but the school voucher system is not the answer. If the plan would go nation-wide, 50 million children would be dropped at the doorsteps of private schools. Currently, only 10 percent of families send their children to private schools (Tyack 2). This small number of elite schools could not possibly accommodate the boom in enrollment caused by student with vouchers. What then? It is very likely that private schools would spring up overnight in response to the sudden number of children seeking to use government money at private schools. Who can guarantee that these schools will be of a better quality than the public schools which came before them (Roberts, Glenn 22)? If the voucher system were implemented, public school, as they are currently known, would cease to exist. The tax dollars necessary to fund public school improvements and the voucher system simultaneously do not exist. Our public schools need immediate attention to the condition of their physical plants, the training of their teachers (many of whom teach in areas which they have no special expertise), the size of their classes and the equipment and supplies they need, and the quality of their hopes for the children entrusted to them. They need the money that vouchers would bleed away (Roberts, Glenn 23). Instead of taking this money away form the nation†s failing schools, it should be pumped into them and put to work. Education tax dollars should be put to work solving the problems in American schools. The voucher system is an escape out the back door. It simply transfers all of the issues out of the public schools, placing them in the hands of the private community. How to cite The School Vouchers, Papers

Julius Caesar and Abraham Lincoln free essay sample

The Lives of Julius Caesar and President Abraham Lincolon The lives of Julius Caesar and President Abraham Lincoln. Have many unique difference and similarities. The similarities between Julius Caesar and President Abraham Lincoln are compared by their life history. The individuals were once leaders in the past. Now people look up to them as hero’s in today’s society. The two men shared a hugh amount of power in their countries. Julius Caesar and President Abraham Lincoln were both murdered. The life of Julius Cesar and his assassination was very different than Abraham Lincoln’s but a little similar. The two men both came from two different time periods, and backgrounds. According to julius-caesar2. tripod. com â€Å"Julius Caesar was born in 100 BC in Rome to Aurelia and Gaius Julius Caesar†. At the time of Julius Caesar birth, Rome was still a republic and the empire was only beginning. Julius Caesar was a leader in republic where the people are not involved with the governmental decisions. Therefore, Julius Ceasar had most for the power in his country and was able to form a large army. â€Å"With the help of the army at his command, it was possible to conquer new territories and so gain a triumph and the pleasure of knowing that your name would be remembered forever in history, paid for by the war† (Summary of Julius Caesars Life and Death). As time went on Caser began to develop more power over the years. Julius made his way to praetor ship by 62 BC and many of the senate felt he was a dangerous, ambitious man. (Julius Caser Biography) Just like Abraham Lincoln, Cesar began to have more enemies once he started getting more power. With the amount of power Cesar had. He started to become a threat to the senators who did like him and the changes he was making in the country. Julius Caesars pushed through a special law giving him a five-year command in Cispine, Gaul, and Illyricum. The provinces in the empire covering North Italy and the Adriatic coast of Yugoslavia (Summary of Julius Caesars Life and Death). Unlike Abraham Lincoln, Julius Cesar wanted to control the most land, and power as possible. Although Julius Cesar wanted all control; Julius thought it was the best way for Rome to have peace. A quote from Julius Cesar says, It is more important for Rome than for myself that I should survive. I have long been sated with power and glory; but should anything happen to me, Rome will enjoy no peace. A new civil war will break out under far worse conditions then the last(Julius Caesar Biography). By fighting for peace Julius Cesar was going to start conflict with the senators, but he didn’t stop. Much like Abraham Lincoln, Julius Cesar started a war to fight for change. Cesar started his war for more power and control. He had all the fame he could hope for and the triumph to back it up. But to get the position he felt his achievements deserved, he had to take his troops across the River of Rubicon and in doing so declare civil war on the state and Pompey. (Julius Caesar Biography) According to julius-caesar2. com â€Å"Julius Caesar left Alexandria, having established Cleopatra as a client ruler in alliance with Rome. Either immediately before or soon after he left Egypt, Cleopatra gave birth to a son, whom she named Caesarion, claiming that he was the son of Julius†. The battle for Rome continued for five years of bloody fighting and he was assassinated by a group of senators, who stabbed him with a dagger in the back, on the Ides of March 44 BC below a statue of Pompey, possibly in support of Pompey (Julius Caesar Biography). Much like Abraham Lincoln, Julius Caesar was assassinated and had a child. Abraham Lincoln life and assassination was a lot different than Julius Cesar, but a little comparable. According to About. com, Abraham Lincoln was born in Hardin County, Kentucky on February 12, 1809. Just like Julius Cesar, Lincoln lost a parent at a young age. Abraham Lincoln was involved in the military much like Caesar. In 1832, Lincoln enlisted to fight in the Black Hawk War (Martin). According to About. com in 1832, Lincoln enlisted to fight in the Black Hawk War. He was quickly elected to be the captain of a company of volunteers. Lincoln’s life fell into politics after being elected as a Whig to the Illinois legislature in 1832(Martin). Unlike Julius Caesar, Lincoln had to debate against his opponent, Stephen Douglas, seven times in what became known as the Lincoln-Douglas Debates (Martin). While they agreed on many issues, they disagreed over the morality of slavery. Abraham Lincoln was not a huge fan of slavery. Much like Julius Cesar, Abraham Lincoln was a leader that everyone looked up to. In September 1862, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation. This allowed Abraham Lincoln to destroy slavery in the southern states. Both Julius Caesar and Abraham Lincoln wanted to make changes in their county. Like Julius Caesar, Abraham made enemies from the southern states that didn’t want the change. The civil war can also be compared to the Julius Caesar War. According to About. com both the Civil War and the Julius Caesar war lasted five years and won by the two men. On April 14, 1865, Lincoln was assassinated while attending a play at Fords Theater in Washington, D. C. Actor John Wilkes Booth shot him in the back of the head before repliling down a curtin, and then jumping onto the stage and escaping to Maryland. Lincoln died on April 15th (Kelly). Unlike Julius Caesar, Abraham Lincoln was assassinated with a shot to the head by one person. According to About. com Julius Caesar was killed in a theatre called the Theatre of Pompey. Julius Caesar may have died instantly while receiving 33 stab wounds by the senators. Abraham Lincoln is considered by many people to have been the best President. In summary, Julius Caesar and Abraham Lincoln were two of the most exceptional leaders remembered throughout history. These two men had many things in common, but had a lot of differences as well. This is what sets Lincoln apart from Caesar. Lincoln wanted things for the good of people, and fairness. Caesar wanted the good of him, and the control of power. And to have the highest power of the land.